Friday, April 8, 2011

Branson announces groundbreaking but dangerous Virgin Oceanic expedition

...where no man has gone before. Image: Virgin.


Having already targeted the stars with his Virgin Galactic commercial service, billionaire businessman and serial adventurer Richard Branson is now preparing to tackle theother final frontier.
More pointedly, Branson has this week revealed the “Necker Nymph”, a revolutionary “flying” mini-submarine in which he will attempt to reach the furthest depths of the planet’s five major oceans as a pioneering “aquanaut”.
“With space long ago reached by man, and commercial spaceflight tantalizingly close, the last great challenge for humans is to reach and explore the depths of our planet’s oceans,” he enthused regarding his ambitions for the Virgin Oceanic craft.
“More men have been to the moon than have been down further than 20,000 feet,” he told AFP during the submarine’s official unveiling at Newport Harbor, near Los Angeles.
According to Branson, who will share piloting duties on the expedition with fellow adventurer Chris Welsh, the cutting-edge winged submersible will be deployed on a series of dangerous dives over a two-year period.
The first dive is scheduled for late 2011 and will see the mini-sub plunging into the Pacific Ocean’s mighty Mariana Trench, which has a depth of 36,201 feet (or around 11km).
In order to sustain the immense pressures associated with diving to such extreme depths (around 1,000 times normal atmospheric pressure), the little 8,000lb submarine has been constructed from titanium and carbon fiber and boasts a viewing dome made entirely from quartz.
Reaching far beyond merely fulfilling the dreams of a billionaire, the Virgin Oceanic expedition will be looking to map previously unreachable parts of the planet and capture on film never-before-seen underwater life—it therefore carries with it the hopes of oceanographers and marine biologists everywhere.
“From a scientific point of view, this is akin to discovering the Amazon for the first time,” said an ebullient Branson. “The amount that they’re going to discover down there is incalculable.”  
Designed by Branson’s project partner Graham Hawkes, the groundbreaking Necker Nymph is expected to travel a distance of 10 kilometers on the ocean floor and can also operate autonomously for up to 24 hours.

Sunday, April 3, 2011

Really Getting Away From It All: The Loneliest National Parks


Alaska's Aniakchak National Monument & Preserve counts as two separate units of the National Park System, but still counted only a grand total of 62 recreational visitors in 2010. NPS photo.

The most popular national parks get visitors galore. But what about the other end of the attendance spectrum, the end that is anchored by the system's least-visited parks? From the attendance point of view, you might say that these are lonely parks dwelling in the deep shadows cast by their more celebrated brethren. Let's shed some light on them.
The National Park Service's attendance data for 2010 reveal that 69 National Park System units attracted a million or more visitors. After allowing for some double counting (the Park Service has a very quirky way of counting NPS units), it remains that more than 60 NPS units cracked the million-visitor threshold last year.
Against this background, it's hard to believe that each of 23 NPS units -- nearly 6 percent of the National Park System's 394 units -- attracted fewer than 10,000 visitors last year. The total attendance of this bottom tier was 77,825. That's less than 0.3 percent of last year's system-wide visitation of 281.3 million, or about the number of people who visited Death Valley National Park during the month of February last year.
Here is the roster of the 2010 cellar-dwellers (2010 attendance in parentheses):
Attendance data are aggregated for Aniakchak National Monument and Aniakchak National Preserve, even though the National Park Service counts them as two separate units of the National Park System. The same is true for Lake Clark National Park and Lake Clark National Preserve.
Although a strong geographical bias is apparent (two-thirds of these units are west of the Mississippi River, fully one-third are in Alaska, and one is in the South Pacific), the loneliest parks are actually quite a mixed bag. There's room here for legitimate differences of interpretation, but I can see two "special case" units, one group of remote units, and one group of low-interest urban units.
The first special case is Hamilton Grange National Memorial in New York City. The visitation reported for Hamilton Grange shows zero recreational visits for the years 1980-1982, 1993-1997, 2007, and 2010. However, this NPS unit attracted 40,000 annual visitors as recently as 2000 and counted 15,287 visitors in 2005. The wildly fluctuating numbers reflect periodic closings, the most recent of which was made necessary when the historic building that is this park's reason for being was closed for a time and thenmoved to a new site. Hamilton Grange is scheduled to reopen at its new location in Harlem this year, and visitation can be expected to return to normal levels in due course.
The second special case is Port Chicago Naval Magazine National Memorial, a recently-established park located on US Navy property near Martinez in the San Francisco Bay area. The Port Chicago site, a former Affiliated Area, was redesignated as a National Memorial under National Park Service administration and established in 2009 as America's 392nd national park. The Navy severely restricts public access, making it available only by prior arrangement well in advance.
At least 14 of the reporting units in the bottom tier are in relatively remote locations, being hard to get to or situated outside the day-tripping zones of large population centers. The remote parks are:
* All seven of the Alaska units on the list (none of which has road access)
* National Park of American Samoa
* Salt River Bay National Historical Park & Ecological Preserve (Virgin Islands)
* Rio Grande Wild & Scenic River (Big Bend National Park, Texas; no federal facilities)
* Fort Bowie National Historic Site (Chihuahuan Desert, southeastern Arizona)
* Nicodemus National Historic Site (Great Plains, northwestern Kansas)
* Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site (Great Plains, east-central Colorado)
* Alibates Flint Quarries National Monument (Great Plains, Texas panhandle)

Five NPS units on the "lonely list" are cultural-historical sites with central city, suburban, or day-tripper locations in major urban regions. Since they enjoy favorable market locations, their lackluster attendance is apparently due to low public interest. This group includes:
* Thaddeus Kosciuszko National Memorial (Philadelphia, PA; it is the smallest NPS unit)
* First Ladies National Historic Site (Canton, OH, home of the Pro Football Hall of Fame)
* Thomas Stone National Historic Site (Port Tobacco, MD, near Washington, DC)
* Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site (Brookline, MA, a Boston suburb)
* Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site (Danville, CA, a San Francisco/Oakland suburb)

Qualifying comments are in order for the latter two parks. Eugene O'Neill National Historic Site is open to the public by reservation only (except for certain "No Reservation Saturdays"), and visitors are shuttled to the site for guided tours. Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site was closed during part of 2010 due to major preservation project and is not scheduled to reopen until sometime in 2011. Attendance has exceeded 10,000 in only one year (2001) since the park was established in 1979.
The purpose of this report is not to criticize. Visitation is not the sole criterion for measuring the worth of a national park, nor even a necessarily important one. But it is something that matters (else why keep track of it at all?), and strikingly low annual visitation can't help but draw attention.
Of course, low visitation can signal problems. At the very least, National Park Service officials need to ask: Is strikingly low visitation acceptable at [this particular NPS unit]? If it is not, is corrective action in order?
Attendance trends for the low-visitation NPS units, something we have considered only in passing here, also merit attention. Downward-trending numbers may be cause for concern if they persist. At First Ladies National Historic Site, for example, attendance declined 16 percent last year and is down nearly 22 percent since 2006. Of course, some lonely parks have stable or improving numbers. At Frederick Law Olmsted, for example, visitation has rebounded sharply from lows reached in the mid-2000s.
If you'd like to explore the park visitation data more deeply, you'll find the data you need at this NPS Reports site. Remember to be careful when messing around with the visitation statistics for the loneliest parks, since small numerical changes can yield big percentage changes and impacts that may be much more apparent than real. Consider, for instance, the case of Aniakchak National Monument & Preserve, where 2010 attendance was up 443 percent for the year and exceeded the combined total for the three prior years. That looks mighty impressive until you consider that there were just 62 recreational visits in 2010, and a grand total of 50 for the years 2007, 2008, and 2009.

Postscript:
 Technically, only one of the 58 National Park-designated units -- Kobuk Valley National Park (3,164) -- reported fewer than 10,000 recreational visitors last year. However, it's likely that visitation at Alaska's Gates of the Arctic National Park also fell short of the 10,000 mark. The National Park Service counts Gates of the Arctic National Park and Gates of the Arctic National Preserve as two separate NPS units, but combines them for many reporting purposes, including visitation. Last year's reported visitation for Gates of the Arctic National Park & Preserve was 10,840. For an explanation of the methods the Park Service uses to count visitors at Gates of the Arctic National Park & Preserve, read this document.
Also, it must be remembered that head counting in the parks is not an exact science. Few totals are based on actual counting; most involve mathematical calculations that can vary from season to season, and some rely on mechanical vehicle counters that break down from time to time. As a result, attendance figures are somewhat soft measuring sticks.

Saturday, April 2, 2011

MICHAEL FERRARA CHANGES ROUTE TO BE FIRST EXPEDITION TO SKI ACROSS ALASKA


Michael Ferrara attempts to be the first to ski across Alaska — from Valdez to Prudhoe Bay — in order to raise awareness for civilian PTSD, which Michael has suffered from as the result of a 30-year career in search & rescue and other first responder services.  Michael will be making this 800-mile journey with his dog, Lhotse. Our Be First program is an opportunity to get sponsored when you go for your own summit, whatever that may be. To learn more and submit your proposals, visit Be First.

China's Snow Dragon finishes 27th Antarctica expedition - Arctic next?



Customs officers from the Wusong Checkpoint in Shanghai were at the Wusong harbor to conduct entry frontier inspection procedures for 134 honored expedition team members and the crew of the Snow Dragon exploration ship on March 31. This marks the completion of the Snow Dragon exploration ship’s 27th Antarctica expedition and official return to the motherland.

The exploration ship sailed from Shenzhen in Guangdong Province on Nov. 11, 2010 to execute the "one ship and two stations" tasks during the 19,481-nautical mile voyage. It mainly conducted five research tasks in the Southern Ocean related to physical oceanography, marine chemistry and marine biology, said Shen Quan, captain of the Snow Dragon.

One of the important tasks of the recent Antarctica expedition was to continue the construction of the Kunlun Station. Expedition team members of the Kunlun Station improved the living area of the multiple-use building as well as the logistical support facilities and equipment, and also established construction projects such as deep-ice core drilling while implementing scientific research regarding glaciers, astronomy, geology and ecology of the Dome A region.

Graduate paddles off on world trip


A Rutland graduate has paddled a sea kayak under Tower Bridge as she started her bid to travel 20,000 miles around the world - entirely under her own steam.
Sarah Outen, 25, hopes to kayak back under the same bridge in two and a half years' time, having first cycled across three continents and rowed solo across two oceans.
Ms Outen was in high spirits as she laughed and joked with a crowd of supporters and declared: "Bring on the world!"
The Oxford graduate is already a Guinness world record-holder for her 2009 solo row across the Indian ocean - the first woman and the youngest person ever to do so.
She dedicated that adventure to the memory of her "courageous, determined and stubborn" father Derek, who died in 2006, and had suffered from rheumatoid arthritis for nearly 20 years.
Ms Outen described her "London2London: Via the World" adventure as a "natural leap" from the Indian Ocean crossing. She said: "I was so happy out there. When you're human powered you're so intimately connected with the landscape, I really enjoyed that."
She was cheered off today by family including her mother, Helen, and brothers Michael, 27, and Matt, 20, on an adventure that could see her become the first woman ever to row solo across the North Pacific.
Ms Outen said: "There's so many special people that have helped me get this far. I'm just looking forward to going out and getting paddling now."
Having raised £30,000 for arthritis charities by her Indian Ocean crossing, Ms Outen is now fundraising for Coppafeel!, The Jubilee Sailing Trust, MND Association and Water Aid, charities she described as "super-special".
Ms Outen, who was cheered on her way by Rutland school children, said: "One of the reasons I wanted to go on this journey wasn't just to go and have a big adventure, but I get such a kick out of sharing those adventures, particularly with youngsters."

Wednesday, March 30, 2011

NatGeo Launches Mission Expedition Online Experience

ExpeditionWeek.jpg
The National Geographic Channel announced the launch of Mission Expedition, an interactive experience inspired by Expedition Week. Lasting until Saturday, April 9, viewers can log onto www.natgeotv.com/expedition between 2PM and 2AM EDT to control a camera attached to a model train which snakes through a miniature set of a remote Papua New Guinean village populated by cannibals, Victorian London during the time of Jack the Ripper, the Himalayan Mountains with Yeti sightings, and the Roman Coliseum during the gladiator era. 

For up to one minute, each participant will get to navigate the set and participate in a photo safari in search of hidden artifacts. If the captured image turns out to be one of the hidden artifacts of the day, the viewer will be notified and the artifact delivered from the Mission Expedition set. The expedition features nearly 200 miniature artifacts that are stand-ins for life-sized items totaling more than $10,000 in value. 

Sunday, March 27, 2011

Mayday to save oil-spill birds


Mar 26, 2011 11:42 PM | By ANTON FERREIRA 


An oil spill in the South Atlantic is threatening tens of thousands of penguins with a slow and painful death - and only South Africa can save them.


129 oiled African penguins from Luderitz in Namibia via road � an epic journey of 1 300 kilometers � for rehabilitation at SANCCOB centre in Cape Town.Pic: ESA ALEXANDER. 21/04/2009. � SUNDAY TIMES
129 oiled African penguins from Luderitz in Namibia via road � an epic journey of 1 300 kilometers � for rehabilitation at SANCCOB centre in Cape Town.Pic: ESA ALEXANDER. 21/04/2009. � SUNDAY TIMES
Britain this week sent an urgent diplomatic Mayday to the Department of International Relations, appealing for South Africa's help in dealing with the environmental disaster unfolding near the remote British island of Tristan da Cunha.
The bulk carrier MS Olivia ran aground off the uninhabited island of Nightingale 11 days ago, releasing an oil slick that could spell doom for the estimated 40000 northern rockhopper penguins that breed there.
Because Tristan da Cunha has no landing strip for aircraft, the only country able to send help in time is South Africa, 2800km away. A fast vessel would take four days to make the voyage.
This week South African sea bird rescue experts were waiting for a suitable ship to be provided.
Said Venessa Strauss, chief executive officer of the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (Sanccob): " The biggest concern at the moment is the delay in the response. The longer before we get on the ground and get ourselves sorted out, the more chance we have of losing birds. There's a real urgency to get there, and we're really just waiting for the transport to be sorted out."
Strauss said more than 60% of the global northern rockhopper population was at risk. "They're endemic to those islands. It really is a devastating environmental threat to them," she said.
The Sanccob team of about a dozen will concentrate on cleaning up penguins and other sea birds fouled by oil. South Africa's help will also be needed in trying to contain and mop up the slick.
Conservationists fear that apart from spilling fuel oil, the Olivia - which had been taking soya beans from Brazil to Asia - might have been carrying rats. These would desert the sinking ship and cause havoc on the island by feeding on eggs or fledgling birds.
All 22 crew were rescued from the Olivia, which is now breaking up and cannot be salvaged.

The ‘un-Cabo’ of Baja



One-third of the world’s marine mammals live in the Sea of Cortez

Beyond the headlines of Mexico’s drug-related violence, sea kayakers are having a whale of a time camping along the wildlife-rich waters of Baja California.


Mainstream tourists find the manufactured brand of wild life at the end of the Baja peninsula around Los Cabos resorts. Meanwhile, savvy paddlers are relishing the real thing in stunning abundance near the still sleepy mid-peninsula town of Loreto.
Locals promote Loreto as Baja’s “unCabo.” It’s most notable landmark is a 300-year-old mission.
The New York Times recently listed the area as No. 8 on its list of the “41 Best Places to Visit in 2011”.
After a 90-minute flight from Los Angeles, paddlers land along the glistening Sea of Cortez, where several outfitters have the kayaks, gear and itineraries.
Among the most experienced in this area is Sea Kayak Adventures, which organizes trips from Canada to Patagonia from the company’s base in Coeur d’Alene, Idaho.
“One-third of the world’s marine mammals live in the Sea of Cortez,” said Terry Prichard, who runs the company with his wife, Nancy Mertz. “We’ve known for many years that this is a very special place.”
Indeed, in just the first few hours on the water, our group of six paddlers and two Mexican guides encountered dolphins, a sea lion, squadrons of pelicans and cormorants and the constant companionship of gulls, oyster catchers, frigate birds, blue-footed boobies, turkey vultures and ospreys.
However, before launching our kayaks, we carved out a day for a van shuttle over to the Pacific side of the peninsula. The goal was to marvel at one of the wildlife wonders of the world at Magdalena Bay, where gray whales congregate from February into April to beef up their newborn calves.
We piled into a panga – a 22-foot outboard-powered fishing skiff – and cruised into a lagoon protected from the pounding Pacific surf by a barrier of sand-dune islands. Within minutes we were in the midst of whales – almost touching distance – although we were pleased our skipper got us close without trying to make contact or harass the marine mammals.
Mother grays weighing 30-40 tons would rise and blow beside us, showing the knuckles on their backs while their calves would awkwardly bob up around them. Sometimes the babies resembled little two-ton pickles gasping for air.
At one point we had eight whales surfacing around us.
“This is one of the best whale years we’ve ever had,” Mertz said later. “Last year was one of the poorest years because sediment from a hurricane partially blocked the whales from entering the bay. The ocean has resolved that.”
The wildlife experience continued as we set out for five days by kayak in the Sea of Cortez. After paddling across a wind-exposed channel we relaxed in the lee along the shore of Carmen Island. Bright-orange Sally lightfoot crabs caught our attention as they scurried across rocks exposed by low tide.
“They seem to be able to run in all four directions; but more than this, perhaps because of their rapid reaction time they appear to read the mind of their hunter,” observed John Steinbeck in “The Log of the Sea of Cortez.”
We made camp on a white-sand beach that turned out to be the Promised Land for the seashell enthusiasts in our group. Instead of using tent pegs, we used anchors made of cord strung through 4-inch squares of quarter-inch plywood buried in the sand.
The beach was crisscrossed by tracks of hermit crabs that would come to life under our feet from seemingly empty seashells they where inhabiting.
Beach hiking was mesmerizing, bordered by turquoise waters on one side and cactus on the other.
Blue whales, the largest creatures to inhabit the earth, worked offshore, revealed by spouts that resembled Old Faithful erupting from the sea. Each surface would be announced by a 20-foot high blast of mist that would stand visible for 15 seconds before dissolving in the wind.
A full-grown blue whale weighs as much as the National Football League. A human could swim through its arteries.
The blues looked like freight trains rounding over the top of an underwater mountain as their backs rolled up above the surface before sinking down out of sight. Every few rolls treated us with an encore as the blue’s giant fluke would emerge and create a waterfall we could see through binoculars two miles away.
Nights are long during winter, but the desert delivered a stunning spread of stars. Mars shined so brightly it cast a shimmering reflection across the sea.
We used headlamps before bedtime to comb the desert in search of scorpions, which would glow like fluorescent bulbs in the beam of a hand-held black light.
Vlady de la Toba, our Mexican trip leader, made us meals that he delighted in telling us he’d prepared first for his girlfriend’s approval.
Edgar Escobar, the other guide, with a degree in marine biology, was especially proud of his chicken mole, featuring five chili powders and chocolate in a recipe endorsed by this grandmother.
De la Toba is from a family that’s operated Baja lighthouses for five generations. He sees guiding as a powerful force for preserving Baja’s wildlife experience. He sells T-shirts and donates the profits to a program that trains local fishermen to be guides.
“Fishermen get 20 pesos per kilo of fish,” he said in his self-taught English. “If they can get 60 pesos for taking people bird watching, we can save fish and sea turtles from their nets.”
The marine bounty amazed the snorkelers in our group, with a colorful smorgasbord of anemones, urchins, sea cucumbers and numerous fish species.
Nevertheless, we were still camping and living a Spartan life that makes you feel like a king to have a hot meal and a Dutch-oven baked desert.
The portable toilet, group sessions to wash dishes, sleeping on the ground, bathing in salt water – all played into supercharging the mundane.
We were fascinated by the pellets coughed up by turkey vultures, and especially at finding the long skeleton of a coronet fish and other bones at the base of a tall cactus, where the ospreys had perched to eat their meals.
We peered into tarantula nests and felt the spongy texture of their webs.
We marveled at the flavor of prickly pear cactus in our salad.
We never tired of watching blue-footed boobies swarm the skies, gathering like locusts until one bird would rocket head-first into the water, followed by dozens more pouring down like a hail storm pummeling the sea surface.
At the end of a day of human-powered exploring, a margarita never tasted so good, even without ice.
Our group became a unit poised to take every negative Mother Nature delivered into a positive.
We looked at the sea salt that encrusted our clothing after a few days as a status symbol – like laundered, well-starched shirts.
We even got to where we relished the weather that challenged us on a few days midtrip.
One gusty afternoon forced us into a serious hour of nonstop paddling into a headwind. My wife, Meredith, leaned forward in the bow of our tandem kayak to try to reduce the wind resistance as she muscled her paddle into the whitecaps.
Her paddle strokes whipped sprays of water that splattered my face like a waterfall.
At times I vented my frustration by yelling curses at her.
She couldn’t hear a word I said.
It was a perfect storm.
And a destination we highly recommend.
If you go
For more information on Baja group trips, contact Sea Kayak Adventures, 800-616-1943, seakayakadventures.com
On video: ABC’s “Good Morning America” features Loreto at tinyurl.com/uncabo
On Facebook: Sea Kayak Adventures’ Facebook page has client videos of encounters with whales at tinyurl.com/SKApage

Read more: http://www.theolympian.com/2011/03/27/1594321/the-un-cabo-of-baja.html#ixzz1HoB6GPRp